6.anuvAda - paribhASA (@NEdhTh-@chwAphThES @phSEV-@chwAphThES @chONThENThsh)

6.1  udAHaraNa 

anuvAda vaHa prakriyA HEM jisake dvArA eka bhASA meM likhita lekha ko dUsarI
bhASA meM isa prakAra prastuta kiyA jAtA HE, jisase ki usameM bhAva va racanA
kI yathAsaMbhava samAnatA Ho. anuvAda karate samaya do paraspara virodhI bhAvoM ke
bIca kArya karanA paDatA HE: (1) vishvasanIyatA va (2) saralatA. vishvasanIyatA
se abhiprAya HE srota-bhASA meM likhita mUla lekha ke prati vishvasanIyatA,
va saralatA arthAta lakSya bhASA ke pAThaka ke liye saralatA. anuvAdita lekha meM
ina donoM bhAvoM ke bIca kisa prakAra kA saMtulana biThAyA jAya, yaHa isa bAta para
nirbhara karatA HE ki anuvAda kisa uddeshya se kiyA jA raHA HE. ataw koI eka
sarva-upayukta anuvAda naHI HotA. yadi uddeshya HE ki pAThaka anuvAdita lekha ko
baHuta AsAnI se Ese rUpa meM paDha sake jisakA vaHa Adi HE, to anuvAda karate samaya
aneka parivartana karane paDa sakate HEM. yaHAz taka ki shabda va vAkya racanA HI naHIM
udAHaraNa va parivesha ko bhI badalanA paDa sakatA HE. isakA phala HogA ki mUla pATha se
vishvasanIyatA meM kamI. isake viparIta yadi vishvasanIyatA Avashyaka HE to anuvAdita
lekha meM una sArI bAtoM ko lAne kA prayAsa karanA paDegA jo ki mUla lekha meM
HEM. Ese lekha meM saralatA meM kamI HogI tathA paDhane meM pAThaka ko kucha shrama karanA
paDa sakatA HE. adhikAMsha Ama anuvAdoM meM saralatA ko prAthamikatA dI jAtI HE.



6.1 udAHaraNa ([Uph])

HindI kI eka kaHAnI kA shIrSaka HE `usane kaHA thA'. kaHAnI ke aMta meM
patA calatA HE ki `usane' eka strI ke liye prayukta HuA HE yA puruSa ke
liye. agara isa shIrSaka ko aMgrejI meM prastuta kiyA jAya to mushkila yaHa HE
ki usake sAtha liMga svataw HI laga jAtA HE kyoMki donoM ke liye alaga-alaga shabda
HEM (He tathA @sHe). arthAta HindI meM sarvanAma ke sAtha liMga naHIM lagatA jabaki
aMgrejI meM puruSAvAcI sarvanAma meM use lagAnA Avashyaka HE. jaba mUla pATha meM
(srota bhASA meM) liMga pradarshita HI naHIM kiyA gayA HE, to usako lakSya
bhASA meM pradarshita karane se sUcanA kI dRSTi se samAnatA naHIM raHegI.

uparokta udAHaraNa meM pUrI kaHAnI ko paDhxakara saHIM liMga vAle sarvanAma (He
yA @sHe) kA cunAva anuvAdaka dvArA kiyA jA sakatA HE. paraMtu usase kaHAnI kA
prabhAva kama Ho jAegA. ataw EsI paristhiti meM, anuvAda meM vishvasanIyatA ko
choDanA paDatA HE tathA anuvAdaka apanI sRjanashIlatA kA upayoga karate Hue kisI anya
bAta ke mAdhyama se pAThaka para vaHI prabhAva lAne kA prayAsa karatA HE. udAHaraNArtha,
uparokta shIrSaka ko badala kara anuvAdaka aMgrejI meM likha sakatA HE `@thHicH @tas
@saiD' (jo kaHA gayA). @FOOThNOThE{kucha vidvAnoM kA kaHanA HE ki anuvAda
asaMbhava HE. uparokta udAHaraNa yaHa prastuta karatA HE ki eka dRSTi se yaHa bAta
saca HE. arthAta anuvAda meM kucha Hada taka vishvasanIyatA ko choDanA paDatA HE.}