18.shabda-samUHaka (local @word @grouper) (@NEXT-@CHAPTER @PREV-@CHAPTER @CONTENTS)

18.1  shabda samUHa 
18.2  shabda-samUHaka 


18.1 shabda samUHa ([18.2] [UP])

bhAratIya bhASAoM meM shabda-krama (word @order) apekSAkRta svataMtra HE. isakA 
artha yaHa HE ki kucha Hada taka shabdoM ke krama ko badalA jA sakatA HE binA
artha parivartana ke. paraMtu isake bAvajUda kucha ikAiyAz EsI HEM jo nishcita
krama meM AtI HEM. unHeM shabda samUHa kaHate HEM. 

udAHaraNa ke liye HindI meM saMjFA ke bAda Ane vAle parasarga ko
sthAnAMtarita karane para artha bheda Ho sakatA HE, yA vAkya vyAkaraNika draSTi se
ashuddha Ho sakatA HE. jEse, `billI' ke bAda `ne':-

  billI ne machalI khAyI. 
  * ne billI machalI khAyI. (ashudhda)
  * billI machalI khAyI ne. (ashudhda)
  billI machalI ne khAyI. (artha bheda)

ataZZZ `billI ne' eka shabda samUHa HE. 

isI prakAra se kriyA ke bAda meM Ane vAlI saHAyaka kriyAoM ke krama meM bhI
sthAnAMtaraNa naHIM kiyA jA sakatA, naHIM to vAkya ashuddha Ho jAegA:-

  khAtA calA jA raHA HE
  * khAtA raHA calA HE jA
  * khAtA HE jA calA raHA

yaHAz para `khAtA calA jA raHA HE' kriyAoM kA shabda samUHa HE, jisakA
shabda-krama aparivartanIya HE.

kriyA shabda samUHa meM adhikAMsha saHAyaka kriyAez svataMtra kriyA kI taraHa
bhI prayoga meM AtI HEM. yaHAz para unakA svataMtra kriyA ke rUpa meM artha
naHIM liyA jA sakatA yA kaHanA yaHa cAHiye ki shabda-samUHa kA artha usake 
aMgI-shabdoM ke (svatantra) artha se utpanna naHIM HotA. ataZZZ pUre shabda samUHa
kA artha kosha meM denA paDxegA.



18.2 shabda-samUHaka ([18.1] [UP])

shabda-samUHaka kA kArya HE shabda samUHoM ko paHacAnanA tathA unako eka 
ikAI ke rUpa meM ekatrita karanA. EsA karane ke liye krama meM Ane vAle
shabdoM ke niyama tathA unameM vacana-liMgAdi kI ekarUpatA ke bAreM meM jAnakArI
kampyUTara meM DAlanI paDatI HE. bhinna-bhinna bhASAoM ke liye inameM bhinnatA HogI.

udAHaraNa ke liye, HindI meM saMjFA ke bAda yadi parasarga AtA HE to saMjFA kA 
@case HogA @oblique. kriyA ke `tA' rUpa ke bAda 'jA', 'raHA', 'calA' Adi
ke kucha rUpa HI A sakate HEM. EsA Hone para unHeM eka ikAI ke rUpa
meM kampyUTara paHacAnatA HE.