4 `maQaumaala%aI' kI BaI farsaI AxaraoM maoM ila#aI huš ek Pa`i%a maOMnao iksaI sajjana ko Paasa do#aI qaI, Par iksako Paasa, yah smarNa nahIM . ca%auBau-jadasa Ì%a `maQaumaala%aIrI kqaa' naagarIPa`caairNaI saBaa kao imalaI hO Ÿsaka inamaa-Nakala &a%a nahIM AaOr jaao A%yaM%a Ba`YT gaV maoM hO . `maugQaava%aI' AaOr Pa`omaava%aI ka Pa%aa ABaI %ak nahIM lagaa hO . jaayasaI ko PaICo BaI Pa`omagaaqaa' kI yah ParMPara kuC idnaaoM %ak cala%aI rhI . gaajaIPaur-inavaasaI Sao#a husaOna ko Pau~ ]samaana(maana) nao saMva%a\ 1670 ko lagaBaga ica~vaalaI ila#aI Ÿsamao naOPaala ko rajaa QarnaIQar ko Pau~ saujaana AaOr $Panagar ko rajaa ica~saona kI knyaa ica~avalaI kI Pa`omakhanaI hO . BaaYaa [sakI AvaQaI haonao Par BaI kuC BaaojaPaurI ilae hO . yah naagarIPa`caairNaI saBaa Wara Pa`kaiSa%a hao caukI hO . dUsarI Paus%ak naUrmauhmmad kI `[Md`ava%a' hO jaao saMva%a\ 1796 maoM ila#aI gaš qaI . [sao BaI ]> saBaa Pa`kaiSa%a kr caukI hO . [na Pa`oma-gaaqaa-kavyaaoM ko saMbaMQa maoM PahlaI baa%a Qyaana donao kI yah hO ik [nakI rcanaa ibalakula Baar%aIya cair%a-kavyaaoM kI saga-baw SaOlaI Par na haokr farsaI kI masanaivayaaoM ko ZMga Par huš hO,ŸnamaoM kqaa sagaa-oM yaa AQyaayaaoM maoM ivas%aar ko ihsaaba sao ivaBa> nahIM hao%aI, barabar calaI cala%aI hO, kovala sqaana sqaana Par GaTnaaAaoM yaa Pa`saMgaaoM ka ]llao#a SaIYa-k ko $Pa maoM rh%aa hO . masanavaI ko ilayao saaihi%yak inayama %aao kovala [%anaa hI samaJaa jaa%aa hO ik saara kavya ek hI masanavaI CMd maoM hao Par ParMPara ko Anausaar ]samaoM kqaarMBa ko Pahlao šSvar-s%aui%a, PaOgambar kI vaMdnaa, AaOr ]sa samaya ko rajaa (Saaho va>) kI Pa`SaMsaa haonaI caaihe . yao baa%aoM Pad\maava%a, [Md`ava%a, maRgaava%aI [%yaaid sabamaoM Paaš jaa%aI hOM . dUsarI baa%a Qyaana donao kI yah hO ik yao saba Pa`oma-khainayaaĞ PaUrbaI iMhdI Aqaa-%a\ AvaQaI BaaYaa maoM ek inaya%a Ëma ko saaqa kovala caİPaaš daoho maoM ila#aI gaš hOM . jaayasaI nao saa%a saa%a caİPaa[yaaoM (Awa-ilayaaoM) ko baad ek ek daoho ka Ëma r#aa hO . jaayasaI ko PaICo gaaosvaamaI %aulasaIdasajaI nao APanao `ramacair%amaanasa' ko ilae yahI daoho caİPaaš ka Ëma ga`hNa ikyaa . caİPaaš AaOr barvaO maanaao AvaQaI BaaYaa ko APanao CMd hOM . [namaoM AvaQaI BaaYaa Ÿsa saİYzva ko saaqa ZlaI hO ]sa saİYzva ko saaqa va`jaBaaYaa nahIM . ]dahrNa ko ilae laala kiva ko `C~ Pa`kaSa' Pad\maakr ko `ramarsaayana' AaOr ba`javaasaIdasa ko ba`jaivalaasa kao laIŸe . PREVIOUS NEXT